Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common diseases in the world.Despite all its complexity, there are methods that allow great promotion of human life.Above all, you should pay attention to a certain diet.
If you follow a properly prescribed nutrition, diabetes will not affect the general well, and it will also reduce the likelihood of various complications, including heart attack, stroke, etc.
Types of diet
The diet of diabetes is determined depending on the type of disease and the age category.So there are general principles to build proper nutrition, which are set on the basis of individual indicators of the human body.
Because it is impossible to cure the disease and reduce the danger, a certain menu is prescribed.The use of appropriate foods for a clearly defined period is required:
- reducing the risks of chronic and acute complications;
- maintaining good health and relatively strong immunity;
- prevents excessive weight or get rid of it;
- Blood sugar levels are permitted at limits.
There are two types of diabetes.In other words, the first one is called insulin -dependent.Its development involves lesion and death of cells in the pancreas and is responsible for the production of insulin.
With this, the purpose of the food is to maintain the process of insulin therapy and rather an additional method of control over the disease.Its basic principles are similar to those that healthy people follow good figures and prosperity.
The main difference is the calculation of the number of carbohydrates.As treatment for type 1 diabetes consists of taking insulin, you should monitor the percentage of carbohydrates your daily diet.As a general rule, it should not be more than 60%.
Since type 2 diabetes is also insulin dependent, it develops in obese people, and accordingly the diet is primarily.In the initial stage of the disease or simply the meaning of the meaning is rationally excessive weight.
When this type of diabetes is moderate or even severe, taking medicines to reduce blood sugar or insulin levels.It is worth noting that in such cases special attention should be paid to physical effort.Thanks to them, a problem such as obesity can be solved without surgical intervention.
The most popular diet is SO -CALED 8 and 9 tables.The eighth meal table can be applied to those who are predominant or tend to perform.The ninth is based on determining the diet of diabetics.
Diet 9 for diabetes
Diet 9 is considered therapeutic and normalized metabolism (carbohydrates).It also aims to prevent infringements related to fat metabolism.The calorie content should not exceed 2500 kcal.
A similar diet is described as follows:
- Calorie content should be reduced by using animal fats and carbohydrates that are easily absorbed (except for sweets and sugar);
- partial restriction or complete exclusion of cholesterol and salt;
- consumption of more vitamins and fiber;
- The content of the proteins should be within the norm.
All useful diets, including the ninth, are the right eating.It is often necessary in small portions.Overall, the frequency should be 5 or 6 times a day.
The roasted or steamed vessels should be eaten as little as possible or completely forgotten.First, bake and cook.It is best to develop a menu a week because it will be easier to observe.In particular, the following products should be preferred:
- Low fatty meat;
- Low fatty fish;
- vegetables that contain up to 5% carbohydrates;
- fruits (not all);
- Natural drinks without sugar.
For spices and eggs, their consumption must be restricted.This is especially true for egg yolks.The number of daily proteins should not exceed 1.5.In addition to excluding sweets from the diabetes menu, forbidding dough, butter and plywood, marinated vegetables.
It is categorically impossible to consume bananas, dates, figs, grapes and all its derivatives.The same applies to fats such as pork, Aries and beef.The butter (without salt) and vegetables should be used moderately to obtain the necessary fats.
Diet 9 serves as a basis for the necessary nutrition.Depending on the personal indicators of a person with diabetes, it is adjusted.Different types of diets can be combined and you can find a good opportunity for yourself.
What is bread unit?
Because the proper nutrition of diabetics is the meaning of carbohydrates, you should know how this cherished norm is determined, depending on how much and what products you need to eat.
Any product that includes carbohydrates, various physical properties, calorie content, etc.The usual measurement method does not apply to these features.In addition, nutrition of diabetes requires increased control over your own daily norm.
In order to make it easier to determine how much to eat this or that product and not exceed the authorized, nutritionists have introduced the term "bread unit".The concept is used when an insulin diabetes are prescribed.
With such a measured unit, it is much easier to understand what to eat and drink, and what is impossible.Based on personal indicators, you make your healthy menu and change some products to others that contain carbohydrates.
As a general rule, a person should consume 18-25 such units.Since there must be five meals, it is logically sensible to always distribute this amount.The main "dose" must enter the body in the morning.You can paint the menu day by day to observe the number of bread units consumed.
How many calories should I consume a day?
The diet of diabetes requires many products and foods that can enter your daily diet earlier.Do not confuse foods that allow you to normalize the sugar level with what you need to lose extra pounds.
The power of type 1 diabetes is precisely to correctly calculate the amount of insulin.In this case, calorie content does not play such an important role.You should be monitored not to gain weight.
Type 2 diabetes really requires increased control over the calories consumed, as it often develops precisely in the background of obesity.At the same time, they are not worth counting on fanaticism.
The daily calorie number is calculated depending on the unique indicators of the body.The diet itself must be low carbon dioxides, but that does not mean a complete lack of carbohydrates.You have to eat, but it's important not to get over.
When the question arises, what can be eaten for type 2 diabetes, many believe that you almost need to sit on biscuits and water.This is categorically impossible.Foods should be complete, containing vitamins and fiber.
Fine, satisfactory and at the same time useful foods have various recipes that do not allow them to improve, but at the same time one will be full of strength and energy.What specific products should be consumed and what an approximate number of calories can be allowed with your doctor.
Useful and harmful products
The low carb diet is different.They are less strict for a healthy person than those who have diagnosed diabetes.But their meaning is the same.They change the main list of products divided into healthy and harmful products for diabetics.
Useful
- All types of vegetables;
- Greens (spinach, dill, dill);
- mushroom;
- meat and fish (low greasy);
- coffee and tea;
- mineral water.
Harmful
Moderately breeding sugar:
- potato;
- cereals;
- dough, including solid varieties;
- Sour -milk products.
Highly raised the sugar:
- sweetness;
- honey;
- drinks with sugar;
- alcohol;
- Grapes and derivatives;
- Sharp and salty spices.
Such sharing of products is generally accepted and is often based on developing the diabetes menu.But what is useful for one can be harmful to the other.Because everything is relative, individual diets are compiled for each diabetic.
How to eat with obesity
There is a opinion that you need to adhere to a strict, low -calorie diet to lose weight.But the fact that it doesn't work.Numerous studies have shown that with the decrease in the calories of the diet, except for the constant feeling of hunger, to hungry fainting, nervousness and other things, nothing more happens.
With such a diet, weight loss will be possible literally a few kilograms, but if the body is distinguished by elasticity and good muscles, then it is all that primarily leaves.Subcutaneous fats do not go anywhere and sometimes accumulate the opposite.
The protein diet includes active protein consumption and a parallel decrease in fats and carbohydrates.The approach itself is not bad, but there are shades here.Again, it is impossible to overdo proteins and are completely forbidden from dietary fats.The lack of carbohydrates leads to loss of vital energy.
As a result, everything again results in a low Carb diet.It is necessary to reduce sugar in itself.Losing weight is not a rescue, but all of them presented, he is the best.Its merit is that all the necessary elements necessary to maintain a vital activity fall into the body.
Thus, if there are a reasonable amount of natural fat, proteins and carbohydrates, there is no need for deposition.Metabolism begins to function as an hour, no chronic hunger, the symptoms of the disease are virtually disappearing, and a person becomes more active.
Diet for type 1 diabetes
The same low maintenance is required for type 1 diabetes to maintain the normal body.But in this case, it must be strict.The number of tables does not play a special role here, although diet 9 is often considered as a basis.
The problem is that even the effects of insulin are very different, so it is quite difficult to normalize the indicators.Therefore, a certain nutrition should be observed.The less carbohydrates enters the body, the less the need for insulin.
It should be understood that your own diet is linked to the personal dose of insulin.Therefore, when developing the menu, you should take into account the amount of medicine.It is better to paint day by day to facilitate the tracking.
Type 2 Diabetes Diet
Since type 2 diabetes is less complicated than type 1, the diet requires to get rid of overweight and prevent it in the future.Again, a low -carbohydrate diet is recommended.Of course, this is an approximate diet that is set.Meaning in the blood in the normalization of glucose and insulin and in the control of insulin resistance.
Some exercises take various tablets for losing weight and treating folk drugs.The first one usually needs to be forgotten because at best these drugs will not be.
Folk medicines usually consist of all herbal infusion and decoction.If you really understand the healing plants, you may do something about it, but it is not worth doing.
Kidney failure
The cause of the disease may develop renal failure.It should be understood that this is not caused by food protein, as many mistakenly believe, but increased blood sugar levels.
The active development of such a disease is suspended when glucose levels are normalized.Diet helps with this.Dietary squirrels are not excluded, but must operate with carbohydrates.Proper nutrition for the audience can also lead to the fully recovery of the kidneys.
However, if the process is placed in an extreme position, it will not return to healthy kidneys.In fact, in this case, the low Carb diet can speed up the devastating process.In order not to drive this, you need to monitor your condition and your desktop for you will help you check the power where the vessels and the doses of insulin have been painted as needed.
Other important points
Diabetes can occur at any age.In children, this may be due to the fact that flour products, sweets, etc.They were exaggerated after discovering the problem in time and began to solve it correctly, avoiding complications.
In women, the disease can occur for various reasons.Constant tensions, abundant nutrition (primarily harmful products) and inactivity can cause predominance and, as a result, type 2 diabetes.
There is often a situation where the disease has arisen during pregnancy.The reason for this is the hormonal violations.In addition, a woman can actively consume products that can cause diabetes during this period.
As a general rule, it is a less strict diet for pregnant women to normalize the processes in the body and partially reduce the weight, but without harm to the fetus.
In the case of pregnancy background, strict nutrition should only be determined with a specialist.The diet should be adjusted, taking into account the fact that the fetal has parallel development.By excluding products, it can harm the unborn child.
In men, type 2 diabetes develops slightly less frequently than in women.The reason for this is the fact that they have accelerated slightly with metabolism.But harmful foods, alcohol addiction and insignificant physical activity can easily cause such a problem.